Topographic surveys are three-dimensional surveys that are used primarily to map the ground relief of an area, usually in the form of a plan showing contour lines. Additionally, feature on the surface, such as trees, paths, roads, streams, bodies of water, existing buildings, utility poles, etc. are located.

This data can be used as a base map for the planning and design of a residence, or in calculating a volume of earth or rock, or passed on to civil or geotechnical engineers.